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Ingolise ho Mecha ea Rona ea Litaba tsa Sechaba bakeng sa Poso e Potlakileng
Li-sensor tsa LiDAR tse tsamaeang moeenge ka hapa lintlha tse itseng ho tsoa ho pulse ea laser, e tsejoang e le litekanyo tsa ho khutla tse sa fellang, kapa ea rekota lets'oao le felletseng ha le khutla, le bitsoang sebopeho sa maqhubu a felletseng, ka linako tse tsitsitseng tse kang 1 ns (e koahelang hoo e ka bang 15 cm). LiDAR ea maqhubu a felletseng e sebelisoa haholo merung, ha LiDAR ea ho khutla e sa fellang e na le lits'ebetso tse pharaletseng masimong a fapaneng. Sengoloa sena se bua haholo ka LiDAR ea ho khutla e sa fellang le ts'ebeliso ea eona. Khaolong ena, re tla akaretsa lihlooho tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa ka LiDAR, ho kenyeletsoa likarolo tsa eona tsa motheo, kamoo e sebetsang kateng, ho nepahala ha eona, litsamaiso le mehloli e fumanehang.
Likarolo tsa Motheo tsa LiDAR
Mekhoa ea LiDAR e thehiloeng fatše hangata e sebelisa li-laser tse nang le maqhubu a bolelele bo pakeng tsa 500-600 nm, ha mekhoa ea LiDAR e tsamaeang moeeng e sebelisa li-laser tse nang le maqhubu a bolelele bo bolelele, ho tloha ho 1000-1600 nm. Setha se tloaelehileng sa LiDAR se tsamaeang moeeng se kenyelletsa sekenara sa laser, yuniti ea ho lekanya sebaka (yuniti e pakeng tsa libaka), le mekhoa ea taolo, tlhokomelo le ho rekota. E boetse e kenyelletsa Sistimi ea Boemo ba Lefatše bo Fapaneng (DGPS) le Unit ea Tekanyo ea Inertial (IMU), hangata li kopantsoe tsamaisong e le 'ngoe e tsejoang e le sistimi ea boemo le tataiso. Sistimi ena e fana ka sebaka se nepahetseng (longitude, latitude, le bophahamo) le data ea tataiso (roll, pitch, le heading).
Mekhoa eo laser e hlahlobang sebaka ka eona e ka fapana, ho kenyeletsoa litsela tse chitja, tse bapileng, kapa tse elliptical. Motsoako oa data ea DGPS le IMU, hammoho le data ea calibration le liparamente tsa ho kenya, o lumella sistimi ho sebetsana ka nepo le lintlha tsa laser tse bokelletsoeng. Lintlha tsena ebe li abeloa li-coordinate (x, y, z) tsamaisong ea li-coordinate tsa jeokrafi ho sebelisoa datum ea World Geodetic System ea 1984 (WGS84).
Kamoo LiDARKutlo ea holeMesebetsiHlalosa ka tsela e bonolo
Sistimi ea LiDAR e ntša li-pulse tsa laser tse potlakileng ho ea nthong kapa holim'a sebaka se reriloeng.
Li-pulse tsa laser li bonahatsa sepheo ebe li khutlela ho sensor ea LiDAR.
Sensor e lekanya hantle nako eo ho e nkang bakeng sa ho otla ha pelo ka 'ngoe ho ea ho sepheo le ho khutla.
Ho sebelisoa lebelo la khanya le nako ea leeto, sebaka se eang ho sepheo se baloa.
Ha e kopantsoe le data ea boemo le tataiso ho tsoa ho li-sensor tsa GPS le IMU, likhokahano tse nepahetseng tsa 3D tsa lipontšo tsa laser lia fumanoa.
Sena se fella ka leru le teteaneng la lintlha tsa 3D le emelang bokaholimo kapa ntho e skenetsoeng.
Molao-motheo oa 'Mele oa LiDAR
Litsamaiso tsa LiDAR li sebelisa mefuta e 'meli ea laser: leqhubu le pulsed le sa khaotseng. Litsamaiso tsa LiDAR tse pulsed li sebetsa ka ho romela pulse e khutšoanyane ea leseli ebe li lekanya nako eo pulse ena e e nkang ho ea ho sepheo le ho khutlela ho moamoheli. Tekanyo ena ea nako ea leeto la ho khutla e thusa ho fumana sebaka ho ea ho sepheo. Mohlala o bontšoa setšoantšong moo boholo ba lets'oao la leseli le fetisoang (AT) le lets'oao la leseli le amohetsoeng (AR) li bontšoang. Tekanyo ea motheo e sebelisoang tsamaisong ena e kenyelletsa lebelo la leseli (c) le sebaka ho ea ho sepheo (R), e leng se lumellang sistimi ho bala sebaka ho latela hore na ho nka nako e kae hore leseli le khutle.
Tekanyo ea ho khutla ka mokhoa o ikhethileng le ea maqhubu a felletseng ho sebelisoa LiDAR e tsamaeang moeeng.
Sistimi e tloaelehileng ea LiDAR e tsamaeang moeeng.
Ts'ebetso ea ho lekanya ho LiDAR, e nahanang ka bobeli sesebelisoa sa ho lemoha le litšobotsi tsa sepheo, e akaretsoa ke equation e tloaelehileng ea LiDAR. Equation ena e fetotsoe ho tsoa ho equation ea radar 'me ke ea bohlokoa ho utloisiseng hore na litsamaiso tsa LiDAR li bala libaka joang. E hlalosa kamano pakeng tsa matla a lets'oao le fetisoang (Pt) le matla a lets'oao le amohetsoeng (Pr). Ha e le hantle, equation e thusa ho lekanya hore na leseli le fetisoang le khutlisetsoa ho moamoheli hakae ka mor'a ho bonahatsa sepheo, e leng sa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fumana libaka le ho theha limmapa tse nepahetseng. Kamano ena e ela hloko lintlha tse kang ho fokotseha ha lets'oao ka lebaka la sebaka le likamano le bokaholimo ba sepheo.
Litšebeliso tsa LiDAR Remote Sensing
Ho lemoha hole ha LiDAR ho na le lits'ebetso tse ngata mafapheng a fapaneng:
'Mapa oa sebaka le sebaka bakeng sa ho theha mehlala ea bophahamo ba dijithale (DEMs) ea qeto e phahameng.
Ho etsa 'mapa oa meru le limela ho ithuta sebopeho sa lifate le biomass.
Ho etsa 'mapa oa lebopong le lebopong bakeng sa ho beha leihlo khoholeho ea mobu le liphetoho tsa boemo ba leoatle.
Moralo oa litoropo le mohlala oa meralo ea motheo, ho kenyeletsoa meaho le marangrang a lipalangoang.
Litokomane tsa lintho tsa khale le lefa la setso tsa libaka tsa nalane le lintho tsa khale.
Lipatlisiso tsa jeoloji le merafo bakeng sa ho etsa 'mapa oa likarolo tsa bokaholimo le ts'ebetso ea ho beha leihlo.
Ho tsamaisa koloi ka boikemelo le ho lemoha litšitiso.
Ho hlahloba lipolanete, joalo ka ho etsa 'mapa oa bokaholimo ba Mars.
Na o hloka Consulation ya Mahala?
Lisebelisoa tsa LiDAR:
Lethathamo le sa fellang la mehlodi ya data ya LiDAR le software ya mahala le fanwe ka tlase. Mehlodi ya data ya LiDAR:
1.Sebaka se Butsoeng sa Lefatšehttp://www.opentopography.org
2.Mofuputsi oa Lefatše oa USGShttp://earthexplorer.usgs.gov
3.Lethathamo la Liphallelo tsa Li-agency tsa United Stateshttps://coast.noaa.gov/ setoko/
4.Tsamaiso ea Naha ea Leoatle le Sepakapaka (NOAA)Lebōpo la Dijithalehttps://www.coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#
5.Wikipedia LiDARhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Lidar_Dataset_(United_States)
6.LiDAR Inthanetenghttp://www.lidar-online.com
7.Netweke ea Naha ea ho Sheba Tikoloho—NEONhttp://www.neonscience.org/data-resources/get-data/airborne-data
8.Lintlha tsa LiDAR bakeng sa Spain Leboeahttp://b5m.gipuzkoa.net/url5000/en/G_22485/PUBLI&consulta=HAZLIDAR
9.Lintlha tsa LiDAR bakeng sa United Kingdomhttp://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/list/?return_obj=ob&id=8049, 8042, 8051, 8053
Software ea LiDAR ea mahala:
1.E hloka ENVIhttp://bcal.geology.isu.edu/ Envitools.shtml
2.FugroViewer(bakeng sa LiDAR le data e 'ngoe ea raster/vector) http://www.fugroviewer.com/
3.KOPANO/LDV(Pono ea data ea LiDAR, phetoho le tlhahlobo) http://forsys.cfr.washington.edu/fusion/fusionlatest.html
4.Lisebelisoa tsa LAS(Khoutu le software bakeng sa ho bala le ho ngola lifaele tsa LAS) http:// www.cs.unc.edu/~isenburg/lastools/
5.LASUtility(Sete ea lisebelisoa tsa GUI bakeng sa ho bona le ho fetola lifaele tsa LAS) http://home.iitk.ac.in/~blohani/LASUtility/LASUtility.html
6.LibLAS(Laeborari ea C/C++ bakeng sa mokhoa oa ho bala/ho ngola oa LAS) http://www.liblas.org/
7.MCC-LiDAR(Tlhahlobo ea curvature ea boholo bo bongata bakeng sa LiDAR) http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcclidar/
8.MARS FreeView(Pono ea 3D ea data ea LiDAR) http://www.merrick.com/Geospatial/Software-Products/MARS-Software
9.Tlhahlobo e Felletseng(Software e bulehileng bakeng sa ho sebetsana le ho bona maru a LiDARpoint le maqhubu a maqhubu) http://fullanalyze.sourceforge.net/
10.Boselamose ba Leru la Point (A set of software tools for LiDAR point cloud visualiza-tion, editing, filtering, 3D building modeling, and statistical analysis in forestry/ vegetation applications. Contact Dr. Cheng Wang at wangcheng@radi.ac.cn)
11.'Mali oa Potlako oa Sebaka(Pono ea maru a lintlha tsa LiDAR) http://applidayimary.com/download/ Lisebelisoa tse ling tsa software ea LiDAR li ka fumanoa ho tsoa leqepheng la webo la Open Topography ToolRegistry ho http://opentopo.sdsc.edu/tools/listTools.
Liteboho
- Sengoloa sena se kenyelletsa lipatlisiso tse tsoang ho "LiDAR Remote Sensing and Applications" ka Vinícius Guimarães, 2020. Sengoloa se felletseng sea fumanehaMona.
- Lenane lena le felletseng le tlhaloso e qaqileng ea mehloli ea data ea LiDAR le software ea mahala li fana ka sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa bakeng sa litsebi le bafuputsi lefapheng la ho lemoha hole le tlhahlobo ea libaka.
Tlhokomeliso:
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Nako ea poso: Mmesa-16-2024