Li-laser rangefinders li fetohile lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa haholo masimong ho tloha lipapaling le kaho ho isa lipatlisisong tsa sesole le tsa mahlale. Lisebelisoa tsena li lekanya bohole ka nepo e makatsang ka ho ntša maqhubu a laser le ho hlahlobisisa likhakanyo tsa ona. Ho utloisisa hore na li sebetsa joang, ho bohlokoa ho arola likarolo tsa tsona tsa mantlha. Sengoliloeng sena, re tla hlahloba likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa laser rangefinder le likarolo tsa tsona ho fana ka litekanyo tse nepahetseng.
1. Laser Diode (Emitter)
Bohareng ba laser rangefinder e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ho na le laser diode, e hlahisang lebone le momahaneng le sebelisetsoang ho metha. Ka tloaelo e sebetsa sebakeng se haufi le infrared spectrum (mohlala, 905 nm kapa 1550 nm wavelengths), diode e ntša mahlaseli a makhutšoane a tsepamisitsoeng a khanya. Khetho ea bolelele ba maqhubu e lekanya polokeho (ho sireletsa mahlo a motho) le ts'ebetso maemong a fapaneng a tikoloho. Li-diode tsa boleng bo holimo li netefatsa matla a tsitsitseng a marang-rang, a bohlokoa bakeng sa ho nepahala ha nako e telele.
2. Optical Lens System
Sistimi ea lense ea optical e sebetsa mesebetsi e 'meli ea mantlha:
- Collimation: Lebone la laser le ntšitsoeng lea tšesaane ebe le hokahanngoa ka har'a sebapa se bapileng ho fokotsa ho hasana hole.
- Tsepamiso ea maikutlo: Bakeng sa khanya e khutlang, lilense li tsepamisa li-photone tse hasantsoeng holim'a sesebelisoa.
Li-rangefinders tse tsoetseng pele li ka kenyelletsa lilense tse feto-fetohang kapa bokhoni ba ho atametsa ho ikamahanya le boholo bo fapaneng ba sepheo kapa bohole.
3. Photodetector (Moamoheli)
Photodetector-hangata e le avalanche photodiode (APD) kapa PIN diode-e tšoara maqhubu a laser a bonahalang. Li-APD li ratoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa nako e telele ka lebaka la kutloisiso ea tsona e phahameng le bokhoni ba ho holisa matšoao a fokolang. Ho sefa khanya e ka ntle (mohlala, khanya ea letsatsi), li-filters tsa optical bandpass li hokahanngoa ho moamoheli, ho netefatsa hore ho bonoa feela leqhubu le ikhethileng la laser.
4. Nako-ea-Sefofane (ToF) Circuitry
Potoloho ea nako ea sefofane ke boko bo ka morao ho lipalo tsa sebaka. E lekanya tieho ea nako lipakeng tsa pulse e hlahisoang le ponahatso e bonoang. Kaha leseli le tsamaea ka lebelo le tsebahalang (~3×10⁸ m/s), sebaka se baloa ho sebelisoa foromo:
Li-timers tsa lebelo le phahameng haholo (tse nang le liqeto ka li-picoseconds) li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho nepahala ha boemo ba millimeter, haholo lits'ebetsong tsa nako e khuts'oane.
5. Setsi sa Ts'ebetso ea Lipontšo
Lintlha tse tala tse tsoang ho photodetector li sebetsoa ke microcontroller kapa digital signal processor (DSP). Yuniti ena e sefa lerata, e lefella maemo a tikoloho (mohlala, attenuation ea atmospheric), le ho fetola litekanyo tsa nako hore e be lipalo tsa sebaka. Li-algorithms tse tsoetseng pele li ka boela tsa sebetsana le li-echoes tse ngata (mohlala, ho hlokomoloha makhasi ha u shebile kutu ea sefate).
6. Pontšo le Sehokelo sa Mosebelisi
Bongata ba mefuta e fapaneng e na le ponts'o ea LCD kapa OLED ho bonts'a litekanyo, tse atisang ho ntlafatsoa ka mekhoa e kang ea ho fetola moepa, ho hlahloba khafetsa, kapa khokahanyo ea Bluetooth bakeng sa ho rekota data. Maikutlo a basebelisi-likonopo, li-touchscreens, kapa li-dial tse rotary-li lumella ho itlhophisa bakeng sa maemo a itseng a ts'ebeliso, joalo ka papali ea kolofo, ho tsoma kapa ho etsa lipatlisiso.
7. Phepelo ea Matla
Betri e kopaneng e ka tjhajwang hape (mohlala, Li-ion) kapa disele tse lahlwang di matlafatsa sesebediswa. Matla a matla a bohlokoa a bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa mefuta e ts'oaroang ka letsoho e sebelisoang libakeng tsa kantle. Li-rangefinder tse ling li kenyelletsa mekhoa ea ho boloka matla ho lelefatsa bophelo ba betri nakong ea ho se sebetse.
8. Matlo le Mounting Systems
Ntlo e etselitsoe ho tšoarella le ergonomics, hangata e na le lisebelisoa tse thibelang metsi kapa tse sa tsitsang (litekanyetso tsa IP). Bakeng sa ho hokahana le lisebelisoa tse ling (mohlala, lik'hamera, lithunya, kapa li-drones), likhetho tse ntseng li eketseha joalo ka li-sockets tse tharo kapa liporo tsa Picatinny li ka kenyelletsoa.
Kamoo Tsohle li Sebetsang Hammoho
1. Laser diode e ntša molumo o lebang ho sepheo.
2. Sisteme ea optical e tsamaisa borokho ebe e bokella menahano.
3. Photodetector e hapa letšoao la ho khutla, le hloekisitsoeng ho tloha lerata le potolohileng.
4. Potoloho ea ToF e bala nako e fetileng.
5. Mochine o fetola nako ho ea hole mme o bonts'a sephetho.
Qetello
Ho tloha ka nepo ea laser diode ea eona ho isa ho rarahane ea li-algorithms tsa eona tsa ts'ebetso, karolo ka 'ngoe ea laser rangefinder e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa ho nepahala le ho ts'epahala. Hore na u sebapali sa kolofo se ahlolang sebaka sa putt kapa moenjiniere oa ho etsa 'mapa, ho utloisisa lintlha tsena ho thusa ho khetha sesebelisoa se nepahetseng bakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau.
Nako ea poso: Mar-18-2025