Ho elektronike ea sejoale-joale le li-optoelectronics, lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor li bapala karolo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka. Ho tloha ho li-smartphones le radar ea likoloi ho ea ho li-laser tsa boemo ba indasteri, lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor li hohle. Har'a likarolo tsohle tsa bohlokoa, resistivity ke e 'ngoe ea metrics ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea ho utloisisa le ho rala ts'ebetso ea sesebelisoa sa semiconductor.
1. Resistivity ke Eng?
Resistivity ke palo ea 'mele e lekanyang hore na thepa e hanyetsa ka matla hakae phallo ea motlakase, eo hangata e hlahisoang ka ohm-centimeters (Ω·cm). E bonahatsa "khanyetso" ea ka hare eo li-electrone li nang le eona ha li ntse li tsamaea ka thepa. Litšepe ka kakaretso li na le resistivity e tlase haholo, li-insulators li na le matla a phahameng haholo a ho hanyetsa, 'me li-semiconductors li oela kae-kae-ka molemo o eketsehileng oa ho hanyetsa rente. Resistivity ρ=R*(L/A), moo: R e leng khanyetso ea motlakase, A ke sebaka sa sefapano sa thepa, L ke bolelele ba thepa.
2. Lintlha tse Susumetsang ho hanyetsa Semiconductor
Ho fapana le litšepe, resistivity ea semiconductors ha e tsitsitseng. E susumetsoa ke lintlha tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa:
① Mofuta oa Boitsebiso: Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa semiconductor tse kang silicon (Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs), le indium phosphide (InP) li na le litekanyetso tse fapaneng tsa ho hanyetsa ka hare.
② Doping: Ho hlahisa li-dopants (tse kang boron kapa phosphorus) ka mefuta e fapaneng le ho tsepamisa mohopolo ho fetola mahloriso a li-carrier, a ama haholo ho hanyetsa.
③ Mocheso: Restivity ea semiconductor e itšetlehile haholo ka mocheso. Ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha, mahloriso a mochine a phahama, ka kakaretso a fella ka ho fokotseha ha matla.
④ Sebopeho sa Crystal le Mefokolo: Ho se phethahale ha sebopeho sa kristale-joalo ka ho kheloha kapa ho holofala-ho ka sitisa motsamao oa bajari 'me kahoo ho susumetsa ho hanyetsa.
3. Kamoo Resistivity Amang Sesebediswa Tshebetso
Lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang, resistivity e ama ka ho toba tšebeliso ea matla, lebelo la ho arabela, le botsitso ba ts'ebetso. Ka mohlala:
Ho li-laser diode, ho hanyetsa ka mokhoa o feteletseng ho lebisa ho futhumatsang ho hoholo, ho amang katleho ea khanya le nako ea bophelo ea sesebelisoa.
Ho lisebelisoa tsa RF, ho hanyetsa ho lokisoa ka hloko ho thusa ho tsamaisana hantle le ho ntlafatsa phetiso ea mats'oao.
Ho li-photodetectors, li-substrates tse phahameng-resistivity hangata li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fihlela ts'ebetso e tlase e lefifi ea hona joale.
Ka hona, moralo o nepahetseng le taolo ea ho hanyetsa li bohlokoa ho boenjiniere ba lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor.
4. Maemo a Tloaelehileng a Resistivity Indasteri (Maemo a Reference)
Mofuta Oa Resistivity (Ω·cm)
Intrinsic Silicon (Si) ~ 2.3 × 10⁵
Silicon ea Doped (n-type/p-type) 10⁻³ ~ 10²
Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) 10⁶ (semi-insulating) ~ 10⁻³
Indium Phosphide (InP) 10⁴ ~ 10⁻²
5. Qetello
Resistivity hase feela parameter ea lintho tse bonahalang-ke ntlha ea bohlokoa e amang ka ho toba tshebetso le ho tšepahala ha lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor. Ho Lumispot, re ntlafatsa matla a ho hanyetsa ka ho khetha thepa, mekhoa e nepahetseng ea doping, le taolo e ntlafalitsoeng ea ts'ebetso ho netefatsa hore lisebelisoa tsa rona li fana ka ts'ebetso e phahameng le ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng.
6. Mabapi le Rona
Lumispot e sebetsa ka thata ho nts'etsopele le ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa laser tsa semiconductor tse sebetsang hantle haholo le lisebelisoa tsa optoelectronic. Re utloisisa karolo ea bohlokoa eo lisebelisoa tse kang resistivity li e bapalang ts'ebetsong ea sehlahisoa. Ikopanye le rona ho ithuta haholoanyane ka taolo ea ho hanyetsa, lisebelisoa tse ikhethileng tsa semiconductor, le tharollo ea meralo ea laser e tsamaellanang le litlhoko tsa ts'ebeliso ea hau.
Nako ea poso: Phup-09-2025