Koloi ea LiDAR Background
Ho tloha 2015 ho isa 2020, naha e ile ea fana ka maano a 'maloa a amanang, a shebaneng le 'likoloi tse bohlale tse hokahaneng'me'likoloi tse ikemetseng'. Mathoasong a 2020, Sechaba se ile sa fana ka meralo e 'meli: Intelligent Vehicle Innovation and Development Strategy le Automobile Driving Automation Classification, ho hlakisa boemo ba leano le tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea bokamoso ba ho khanna ba ikemetseng.
Yole Development, feme ea lefats'e ea boeletsi, e phatlalalitse tlaleho ea lipatlisiso tsa indasteri e amanang le 'Lidar bakeng sa Likopo tsa Likoloi le Liindasteri', e boletse hore 'maraka oa lidar lebaleng la Likoloi o ka fihla ho lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 5.7 ka 2026, ho lebelletsoe hore komporo ea selemo le selemo. sekhahla sa kholo se ka hola ho feta 21% lilemong tse hlano tse tlang.
Automotive LiDAR ke eng?
LiDAR, e khuts'oane bakeng sa Light Detection and Ranging, ke theknoloji ea phetoho e fetotseng indasteri ea likoloi, haholo-holo sebakeng sa likoloi tse ikemetseng. E sebetsa ka ho ntša mahlaseli a khanya-hangata ho tloha ka laser-ho leba moo u batlang ho lebela teng le ho lekanya nako eo lebone le e nkang hore le khutlele ho sensor. Lintlha tsena li sebelisoa ho theha limmapa tse nang le likarolo tse tharo tsa tikoloho e potolohileng koloi.
Sistimi ea LiDAR e tumme ka ho nepahala le bokhoni ba bona ba ho bona lintho ka nepo e phahameng, e leng se etsang hore e be sesebelisoa sa bohlokoahali sa ho khanna ka boithaopo. Ho fapana le lik'hamera tse itšetlehileng ka leseli le bonahalang 'me li ka thatafalloa tlas'a maemo a itseng a kang khanya e tlaase kapa letsatsi le tobileng, li-sensor tsa LiDAR li fana ka lintlha tse ka tšeptjoang ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea mabone le maemo a leholimo. Ho feta moo, bokhoni ba LiDAR ba ho lekanya sebaka ka nepo bo lumella ho bonoa ha lintho, boholo ba tsona, esita le lebelo la tsona, e leng sa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho tsamaea maemong a thata a ho khanna.
Chate ea Phallo ea Molao-motheo oa LiDAR
Likopo tsa LiDAR ho Automation:
Theknoloji ea LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) indastering ea likoloi e shebane haholo le ho ntlafatsa polokeho ea ho khanna le ho nts'etsapele mahlale a ho khanna a ikemetseng. Theknoloji ea eona ea mantlha,Nako ea Sefofane (ToF), e sebetsa ka ho ntša maqhubu a laser le ho bala nako eo ho e nkang hore maqhubu ana a bonahatsoe morao ho tsoa litšitisong. Mokhoa ona o hlahisa lintlha tse nepahetseng haholo tsa "point cloud", tse ka thehang limmapa tse nang le likarolo tse tharo tsa tikoloho ho potoloha koloi ka nepo ea boemo ba lisenthimithara, e fanang ka bokhoni bo ikhethang ba ho lemoha sebaka sa likoloi.
Ts'ebeliso ea theknoloji ea LiDAR lekaleng la likoloi e tsepamisitsoe haholo libakeng tse latelang:
Autonomous Driving Systems:LiDAR ke e 'ngoe ea mahlale a bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fihlela maemo a holimo a ho khanna a ikemetseng. E bona ka nepo tikoloho e potolohileng koloi, ho kopanyelletsa le likoloi tse ling, batho ba tsamaeang ka maoto, matšoao a litsela le maemo a tsela, kahoo e thusa mekhoa ea ho khanna e ikemetseng ho etsa liqeto tse potlakileng le tse nepahetseng.
Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea Thuso ea Bakhanni (ADAS):Sebakeng sa thuso ea mokhanni, LiDAR e sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa likarolo tsa polokeho ea koloi, ho kenyelletsa taolo ea maeto a sekepe, braking ea tšohanyetso, ho lemoha ha batho ba tsamaeang ka maoto le mesebetsi ea ho qoba litšitiso.
Ho Tsamaisa Koloi le Maemo:Limmapa tse nepahetseng haholo tsa 3D tse hlahisitsoeng ke LiDAR li ka ntlafatsa haholo boemo ba koloi, haholo libakeng tsa litoropo moo matšoao a GPS a nang le moeli.
Tlhokomelo le Tsamaiso ea Sephethephethe:LiDAR e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho lekola le ho sekaseka phallo ea sephethephethe, ho thusa lits'ebetso tsa sephethephethe sa toropo ho ntlafatsa taolo ea matšoao le ho fokotsa tšubuhlellano.
Bakeng sa remote sensing, rangefinding, Automation le DTS, joalo-joalo.
U hloka Therisano ea Mahala?
Mekhoa ho LiDAR tsa Likoloi
1. LiDAR Miniaturization
Maikutlo a setso a indasteri ea likoloi a lumela hore likoloi tse ikemetseng ha lia lokela ho fapana ka chebahalo le likoloi tse tloaelehileng ho boloka menate ea ho khanna le ho sebetsa hantle ha moea. Pono ena e khothalelitse mokhoa oa ho etsa litsamaiso tse nyane tsa LiDAR. Sepheo se setle sa kamoso ke hore LiDAR e be nyane ka ho lekaneng hore e ka kopanngoa ntle le moroallo 'meleng oa koloi. Sena se bolela ho fokotsa kapa ho felisa likarolo tse potolohang tsa mochini, phetoho e tsamaellanang le ho tloha butle butle ha indasteri ho tloha meahong ea morao-rao ea laser ho ea ho tharollo ea boemo bo tiileng ba LiDAR. Solid-state LiDAR, e se nang likarolo tse tsamaeang, e fana ka tharollo e kopanetsoeng, e tšepahalang, le e tšoarellang e lumellanang hantle le litlhoko tsa bokhabane le ts'ebetso ea likoloi tsa sejoale-joale.
2. Embedded LiDAR Solutions
Ha mahlale a ho khanna a ikemetseng a tsoetse pele lilemong tsa morao tjena, bahlahisi ba bang ba LiDAR ba se ba qalile ho sebelisana le barekisi ba likarolo tsa likoloi ho hlahisa litharollo tse kopanyang LiDAR likarolong tsa koloi, joalo ka mabone a pele. Khokahano ena ha e sebetse feela ho pata lits'ebetso tsa LiDAR, ho boloka boipiletso ba koloi, empa hape e matlafatsa leano la ho beoa ho ntlafatsa pono le ts'ebetso ea LiDAR. Bakeng sa likoloi tsa baeti, mesebetsi e itseng ea Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) e hloka hore LiDAR e tsepamise maikutlo ho li-angles tse itseng ho e-na le ho fana ka pono ea 360°. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa maemo a phahameng a boikemelo, joalo ka Level 4, lintlha tsa polokeho li hloka sebaka sa pono se rapameng sa 360°. Sena se lebelletsoe ho lebisa ho litlhophiso tsa lintlha tse ngata tse netefatsang tšireletso e felletseng ho potoloha koloi.
3.Phokotso ea Litšenyehelo
Ha thekenoloji ea LiDAR e ntse e hola le sekala sa tlhahiso, litšenyehelo lia theoha, e leng se etsang hore ho khonehe ho kenyelletsa litsamaiso tsena mefuteng e mengata ea makoloi, ho kenyeletsoa le mefuta ea mahareng. Demokrasi ena ea theknoloji ea LiDAR e lebelletsoe ho potlakisa ho amoheloa ha ts'ireletso e tsoetseng pele le likarolo tsa ho khanna tse ikemetseng 'marakeng oa likoloi.
Li-LIDAR tse 'marakeng kajeno boholo ba tsona ke 905nm le 1550nm/1535nm LIDAR, empa ho latela litšenyehelo, 905nm e na le molemo.
· 905nm LiDAR: Ka kakaretso, litsamaiso tsa 905nm LiDAR li theko e tlaase ka lebaka la ho fumaneha hohle ha likarolo le mekhoa ea tlhahiso e hōlileng e amanang le bolelele bona ba maqhubu. Monyetla ona oa litšenyehelo o etsa hore 905nm LiDAR e khahle bakeng sa lits'ebetso moo sebaka le polokeho ea mahlo li seng bohlokoa haholo.
· 1550/1535nm LiDAR: Likarolo tsa lisebelisoa tsa 1550 / 1535nm, tse kang li-lasers le li-detectors, li atisa ho theko e boima haholo, karolo e 'ngoe hobane theknoloji ha e atile haholo' me likarolo li rarahane haholo. Leha ho le joalo, melemo e mabapi le polokeho le ts'ebetso e ka lokafatsa litšenyehelo tse phahameng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse itseng, haholo-holo ho khanna ka boithaopo moo ho lemoha le polokeho ea nako e telele e leng tsa bohlokoa.
[Sehokelo:Bala haholoanyane ka papiso lipakeng tsa 905nm le 1550nm/1535nm LiDAR]
4. Tšireletseho e Eketsehileng le Ntlafatso ea ADAS
Theknoloji ea LiDAR e ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS), e fanang ka likoloi tse nang le bokhoni bo nepahetseng ba 'mapa oa tikoloho. Ho nepahala hona ho ntlafatsa likarolo tsa polokeho tse joalo ka ho qoba ho thulana, ho lemoha ha batho ba tsamaeang ka maoto, le taolo e feto-fetohang ea maeto a sekepe, ho sutumelletsa indasteri ho fihlela ho khanna ka boikemelo ka botlalo.
FAQs
Ka likoloing, li-sensor tsa LIDAR li ntša li-pulse tse bobebe tse thellang linthong ebe li khutlela ho sensor. Nako eo ho e nkang hore pulse e khutle e sebelisoa ho lekanya sebaka sa lintho. Lintlha tsena li thusa ho theha 'mapa o hlakileng oa 3D oa tikoloho ea koloi.
Sistimi e tloaelehileng ea LIDAR ea likoloi e na le laser ho ntša likhahla tse bobebe, sehatisi le li-optics ho tsamaisa pulses, sets'oants'o sa lifoto ho nka leseli le bonts'itsoeng, le yuniti ea ts'ebetso ho sekaseka data le ho theha setšoantšo sa 3D sa tikoloho.
Ee, LIDAR e khona ho bona lintho tse tsamaeang. Ka ho lekanya phetoho ea boemo ba lintho ka nako, LIDAR e khona ho bala lebelo le tsela ea tsona.
LIDAR e kenyelelitsoe lits'ebetsong tsa polokeho ea likoloi ho ntlafatsa likarolo tse joalo ka taolo ea maeto a sekepe, ho qoba ho thulana, le ho lemoha ha batho ba tsamaeang ka maoto ka ho fana ka litekanyo tse nepahetseng le tse tšepahalang tsa sebaka le ho lemoha ntho.
Lintlafatso tse ntseng li tsoela pele ho theknoloji ea LIDAR ea likoloi li kenyelletsa ho fokotsa boholo le litšenyehelo tsa litsamaiso tsa LIDAR, ho eketsa mefuta ea tsona le tharollo, le ho li kopanya ka mokhoa o hlakileng haholoanyane moralong le tšebetsong ea likoloi.
[sehokelo:Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa LIDAR Laser]
Laser ea pulsed fiber ea 1.5μm ke mofuta oa mohloli oa laser o sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa likoloi tsa LIDAR tse hlahisang khanya ka bolelele ba li-micrometer tse 1.5 (μm). E hlahisa likhahla tse khutšoane tsa leseli la infrared tse sebelisetsoang ho lekanya sebaka ka ho tlola lintho le ho khutlela ho sensor ea LIDAR.
Leqhubu la 1.5μm le sebelisoa hobane le fana ka tekanyo e ntle pakeng tsa polokeho ea mahlo le ho kenella ha sepakapaka. Li-Laser tse sebakeng sena sa bolelele ba maqhubu ha li na monyetla oa ho baka kotsi mahlong a batho ho feta tse ntšang maqhubu a makhutšoane 'me li ka sebetsa hantle maemong a fapaneng a leholimo.
Le hoja li-lasers tsa 1.5μm li sebetsa hantle ho feta leseli le bonahalang moholi le pula, bokhoni ba tsona ba ho phunyeletsa litšitiso tsa sepakapaka bo ntse bo lekanyelitsoe. Ts'ebetso maemong a mabe a leholimo hangata e betere ho feta lasers e khuts'oane ea wavelength empa ha e sebetse joalo ka likhetho tse telele tsa maqhubu.
Leha 1.5μm pulsed fiber lasers qalong e ka eketsa litšenyehelo tsa lits'ebetso tsa LIDAR ka lebaka la theknoloji ea tsona e tsoetseng pele, tsoelo-pele ea tlhahiso le moruo oa sekhahla e lebelletsoe ho fokotsa litšenyehelo ha nako e ntse e ea. Melemo ea bona mabapi le ts'ebetso le ts'ireletso e bonoa e le ho lokafatsa matsete. Ts'ebetso e phahameng le likarolo tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa polokeho tse fanoeng ke 1.5μm pulsed fiber lasers li etsa hore e be letsete la bohlokoa bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa likoloi tsa LIDAR..